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AI Evaluations & Testing

Learn methods and frameworks for evaluating AI agent performance, memory systems, and ensuring reliable behavior in production environments.

Explain Like I'm 5

AI evaluations are like report cards for AI agents! Just like your teacher gives you tests to see how well you're learning math or reading, we give AI agents tests to see how well they remember things and help people. We check if they remember the right information, if they're being helpful, and if they're being safe. It's like making sure your robot friend is being a good friend and doing what it's supposed to do!

The Most Critical Skill for 2025
Industry leaders from OpenAI and Anthropic agree: AI evaluations are essential

"Writing evals is going to become a core skill for product managers. It is such a critical part of making a good product with AI."

— Kevin Weil, CPO of OpenAI

"If there is one thing we can teach people, it's that writing evals is probably the most important thing."

— Mike Krieger, CPO of Anthropic

Krieger also noted that Anthropic assesses candidates on how they think about AI evals during interviews, adding that "not enough of that talent exists."

Why AI Evaluation Matters

As AI agents become more sophisticated and handle critical tasks, rigorous evaluation becomes essential for ensuring reliability, safety, and performance. According to Anthropic's Solutions Architect team, the inability to measure model performance is the biggest blocker of production use cases.

Safety Assurance

Ensure AI agents behave safely and don't cause harm in real-world scenarios.

Performance Optimization

Identify bottlenecks and areas for improvement in agent capabilities.

Trust Building

Provide evidence of reliability for users and stakeholders.

Types of AI Evaluations
Different categories of evaluation for comprehensive assessment

Memory Performance Evaluation

Testing how well agents store, retrieve, and use memory across different scenarios and time periods.

Recall Accuracy
Context Retention
Memory Consistency
Example: Testing if an agent remembers user preferences across multiple sessions

Task Performance Evaluation

Measuring how effectively agents complete specific tasks and achieve desired outcomes.

Success Rate
Efficiency
Quality Metrics
Example: Measuring code generation accuracy and execution success rates

Safety & Alignment Evaluation

Ensuring agents behave safely, ethically, and in alignment with human values and intentions.

Harmful Content
Bias Detection
Value Alignment
Example: Testing for biased responses or harmful content generation

Robustness Evaluation

Testing how agents handle edge cases, adversarial inputs, and unexpected scenarios.

Edge Cases
Adversarial Inputs
Stress Testing
Example: Testing agent behavior with malformed inputs or prompt injection attempts
Popular Evaluation Frameworks
Tools and platforms for systematic AI evaluation

OpenAI Evals

Battle-tested open-source framework for evaluating LLMs with pre-built and custom evaluation tasks.

Open Source
GPT-focused

Anthropic Evals

Official eval framework with code-graded, human-graded, and LLM-graded support. Focus on safety and alignment.

Claude-focused
Multi-modal

Braintrust

End-to-end LLM evaluation and observability platform with 9+ framework integrations. Enterprise-grade.

Commercial
AutoEvals

LangChain Evaluators

Built-in evaluation tools for LangChain applications with memory and chain testing.

Integrated
Memory Testing

LangWatch / LangSmith / Langfuse

LLM-specific monitoring and evaluation tools with real-time observability and production tracking.

Observability
Production

Custom Frameworks

Domain-specific evaluation frameworks built for particular use cases and requirements.

Tailored
Specialized
Key Evaluation Metrics
Important metrics for measuring AI agent performance

Accuracy Metrics

  • • Precision and Recall
  • • F1 Score
  • • Exact Match
  • • BLEU/ROUGE scores

Performance Metrics

  • • Response Time
  • • Throughput
  • • Memory Usage
  • • Cost per Query

Quality Metrics

  • • Helpfulness Score
  • • Coherence Rating
  • • Factual Accuracy
  • • User Satisfaction
Evaluation Best Practices
  • Use diverse and representative test datasets
  • Implement continuous evaluation pipelines
  • Combine automated and human evaluation
  • Track metrics over time and versions
  • Test edge cases and failure modes
Common Challenges
  • Defining appropriate success metrics
  • Handling subjective evaluation criteria
  • Scaling evaluation to large datasets
  • Avoiding evaluation dataset contamination
  • Balancing speed vs thoroughness
Industry Evaluation Practices
How leading companies evaluate their AI systems
OpenAI
Comprehensive safety evaluations including red teaming and alignment testing
Anthropic
Constitutional AI evaluation focusing on helpfulness, harmlessness, and honesty
GitHub Copilot
Code quality metrics, security vulnerability detection, and developer productivity measures
Scale AI
Specialized evaluation platforms for different AI applications and use cases
Building an Evaluation Pipeline
Steps to implement comprehensive AI evaluation
1

Define Success Criteria

Establish clear, measurable criteria for what constitutes successful agent behavior

2

Create Test Datasets

Develop comprehensive test datasets covering normal use cases, edge cases, and adversarial scenarios

3

Implement Automated Testing

Set up automated evaluation pipelines that run continuously as your system evolves

4

Monitor and Iterate

Continuously monitor performance, analyze results, and refine both your system and evaluation methods

Getting Started with Evals
A practical checklist to build your first evaluation pipeline
1

Define success criteria for your AI feature - be specific about what "good" means

2

Create 10-20 test cases covering common scenarios, edge cases, and adversarial inputs

3

Implement basic code-graded evals for objective criteria (exact match, contains, etc.)

4

Add LLM-graded evals for subjective quality (helpfulness, tone, clarity)

5

Run evals on your current system to establish a baseline score

6

Make a change (prompt tweak, model upgrade) and measure the impact

7

Add regression tests to prevent breaking existing functionality

8

Set up CI/CD integration to run evals automatically on every change

9

Monitor production outputs and add failures to your eval suite

10

Review failures manually every week to find patterns and improve your system

Pro tip: According to Hamel Husain, spend 60-80% of your time on evals and error analysis. It feels slow at first, but it's the only way to move beyond demos to production-grade AI products.